KNOWLEDGE GLOSSARY / 46 CONNECTED TERMS
Every definition is written in plain language and points to the guide, comparison or tool where the concept becomes useful.
46 definitions
The ending value minus the starting value, expressed in the original unit.
Continue into the topic →A defined sequence of steps used to transform inputs or solve a class of problems.
Continue into the topic →A broad field concerned with systems that perform tasks associated with perception, prediction, language, reasoning or action.
Continue into the topic →A summary value for a set of observations; mean, median and mode answer different questions.
Continue into the topic →The underlying frequency of an event before adding a new signal or test result.
Continue into the topic →A starting condition or comparison used to interpret later change.
Continue into the topic →A systematic tendency in collection, measurement, analysis or judgement that can shift results away from the intended target.
Continue into the topic →A city serving as the seat of a country or territory’s central government; the term also has distinct meanings in economics.
Continue into the topic →A relationship in which changing one factor contributes to a change in another under specified conditions.
Continue into the topic →The ordering of events by time; useful for sequence but insufficient by itself to prove causation.
Continue into the topic →The earlier or alternative time interval used as the reference for a reported change.
Continue into the topic →A range produced by a statistical method that communicates uncertainty around an estimate under that method’s assumptions.
Continue into the topic →A pattern in which two variables move together; it does not establish why the relationship exists.
Continue into the topic →An organised collection of observations with variables, definitions and a method of collection.
Continue into the topic →The quantity a numerator is divided by; changing it can change the meaning of a rate or percentage.
Continue into the topic →A distinct person, place, organisation, object, event or concept represented once and connected to many pages.
Continue into the topic →A value inferred from available observations rather than a complete direct count.
Continue into the topic →A useful page designed to remain relevant beyond a short news cycle while still receiving scheduled review.
Continue into the topic →A structured test that changes a condition and compares outcomes to estimate an effect.
Continue into the topic →The measured value of final goods and services produced within an economy over a period.
Continue into the topic →GDP divided by population; a per-person average that does not describe distribution.
Continue into the topic →A defined measure used to describe part of a larger condition or concept.
Continue into the topic →A sustained rise in the general price level, usually measured with a defined basket and index.
Continue into the topic →A link between two pages on the same site that helps readers and search systems understand their relationship.
Continue into the topic →The middle observation after values are ordered; often useful when a distribution is skewed.
Continue into the topic →Structured information describing a page or dataset, such as title, author, date, unit, licence or source.
Continue into the topic →A simplified representation built to describe, explain or predict selected features of a system.
Continue into the topic →A value expressed in current prices without removing the effect of price changes across time.
Continue into the topic →Data made available under terms that permit access, use and redistribution, usually with attribution and licence conditions.
Continue into the topic →The absolute change divided by the starting value, multiplied by one hundred.
Continue into the topic →The arithmetic difference between two percentages, such as 25% minus 20% equals five percentage points.
Continue into the topic →The complete group a study or statistic aims to describe; in geography it often means people resident in a place.
Continue into the topic →Evidence created by direct participants, original researchers or the institution responsible for the underlying record.
Continue into the topic →A conversion approach that adjusts for differences in price levels between economies.
Continue into the topic →A quantity expressed relative to another quantity, population or period.
Continue into the topic →A value adjusted to reduce the effect of price changes, using a specified reference method or period.
Continue into the topic →A change to previously published data or content after improved information, methods or corrections become available.
Continue into the topic →A subset observed to learn about a larger population; selection affects what can be inferred.
Continue into the topic →The human-readable part of a page address used to identify a resource consistently.
Continue into the topic →The record, dataset, document or person from which a claim or piece of evidence is derived.
Continue into the topic →A controlled hierarchy used to organise content into areas, topics and subtopics.
Continue into the topic →A selected sequence of events arranged by date, useful as an index into deeper historical evidence.
Continue into the topic →The limits on what evidence can establish, arising from measurement, sampling, assumptions or unknown conditions.
Continue into the topic →The defined scale in which a quantity is expressed, such as euros, kilometres, people or percentage points.
Continue into the topic →Testing whether a method, model or system performs adequately for its intended context.
Continue into the topic →A measure of how far observations tend to spread around their mean.
Continue into the topic →REFERENCE METHOD
Terms are synthesised from the methods used across the connected source desk: national statistical agencies, the World Bank, OECD, NASA, NIST, UNESCO and the Library of Congress. The linked topic page shows the specific evidence and limits needed for that use.
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